Remote Sensing as a Means of Ecological Investigation

Much ecological analysis requires detailed spatial observation, traditionally conducted through field measurement. Remote sensing has been tested extensively as a means of ecological investigation, but many such studies were limited by the relatively coarse spatial resolution of the imagery used. The new generation of fine spatial resolution satellite sensors provides an opportunity for detailed and accurate ecological studies, reducing the need for expensive ground survey. This paper covers two main topics. First, the current status of the general field of ecological remote sensing is described, with particular reference to recent developments in spaceborne data availability. Second, specific research findings related to habitat monitoring in southern Africa are presented. Vegetation distributions are investigated at a range of spatial and temporal scales using various sources of remotely sensed data. The vegetation information is then integrated with animal population data to further our understanding of the dynamic relationship between the two.